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Welcome back.

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Let's talk about our first data type and you know what, let's do two at the same time we have Int and

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float's int stands for Integer, as you can see here, and float stands for a floating point number.

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Hmm, let's explore that first, let's start off with integer, an integer is, well, a number three

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or four or five.

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These are all integers.

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In a programming language, you can use integers to do mathematical operations, for example, two plus

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four, if I run this well, nothing gets printed because again, we have to perform some action on these

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data types.

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And one action that we've learned so far is this idea of printing.

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And we print something by calling the print keyword with the brackets.

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So the brackets is almost like saying, hey, perform this action on these data types.

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And if we run this.

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We get six right here, awesome.

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So not only are we using print, but we're also using the plus sign to perform an action to add the

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two data types together.

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And as you can imagine, we can do.

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Most mathematical operations, the basic ones we can do negative, we can do, let's say, two times

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for.

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And then we can also do two divided by four and in fact, click run here.

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All right, it looks like everything is working.

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We've added, we've subtracted, we've multiplied, and then we've also divided.

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Now, here's the interesting part.

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Up until now, we've used what we call integers.

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That is, these are whole numbers, there's no decimal places, they're just, well, integers.

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And a neat trick that I can do here is I can actually say.

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Hey, what's the type of two plus four?

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If I click run here.

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All right, let's let's decipher what just happened.

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I've taught you another action that we can perform, which is something called type, which tells us,

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hey, what data type is this?

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And just like in math, we go bracket by bracket, so the first part, Python says, hey, what's two

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plus four?

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Well, that's going to be six.

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And it's going to say, hey, what's the type of sex?

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Well, the type of sex that's an integer.

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So it's going to say class and we don't have to worry about the class keyword for now.

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That's something that we'll talk about later.

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But we see here that we're using it for integer.

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And then finally, after this gets evaluated by Python, we print out whatever this does, which is

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class int.

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Now, check this out, let's do the same for all these ones as well.

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So we're going to say type here type.

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Here and if this syntax is intimidating, don't worry, this is something that you get used to.

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This is your first programming language.

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It is not going to be easy because, well, if it was easy, then everybody would be doing it.

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So hang in there.

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Trust me, as you practice more, this is going to start making more and more sense.

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Now, before I click run.

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What do you think the output of each one of these lines are?

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Ready?

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Give it a guess and let's click on.

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All right, we got it.

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For six, we have negative two here, which is also an integer, we have eight here, which again is

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also an integer, but then we have float.

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Because two divided by four is zero point five.

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Hmm, what is that?

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Well, remember, we are talking about two data types here.

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We're talking about Int and float.

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And float is what we call a floating point number, a floating point number is simply a number with

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a decimal point.

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In our case, this is zero point five.

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So it's a floating point number.

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So if we write a number, let's say we'll do print type and then I'll say zero point zero zero zero

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zero one.

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What do you think we'll get?

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Well, we would get a float.

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If I do five point zero zero zero one again, we'll get a float.

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What about the number zero?

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I get an ENT because while there's no decimal points.

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Why do we need to make this distinction in programming and specifically in Python?

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Well, it's because a float takes up actually a lot more space in memory than an integer.

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Right?

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Because remember this number, the number six, this needs to get stored in memory on our machine.

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And remember that machines don't really understand this.

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They understand zeros and one and they store this number and something called a binary or binary numbers,

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which is zeros and ones.

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Now, the problem is when you have a decimal places like zero point or less to ten point five six,

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it's hard to represent that in a binary number, zeros and ones because of this point.

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So a floating point number essentially stores these numbers in two different locations, one for the

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ten and one for fifty six.

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Now, we don't need to get technical here, but that's the idea, the idea is that we need more memory

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to store a number like this than a number like this.

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Now, the topic of floating point numbers is really, really interesting, and I'll link to a resource,

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but the best way to learn more about floating points, again, it's not super important that you know

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the technical details, but if you go to a floating point, no python.

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Again, you want to make sure that you go to the documentation for version three.

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And you can actually learn about floating point arithmetic and these official documentation by Python

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are always a good tool for you to use whenever you get confused about something or you want to get a

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little bit more extra detail.

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But let's get back to the topic at hand.

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Both eat and float are used for, well, numbers, right, and Python is going to automatically format

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the type to whatever well makes sense, for example, if in here.

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I do.

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Twenty plus one point one.

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One is a integer, the other one is a floating point number, but when I click run here.

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Automatically, Python is going to convert it to float, let's remove these here so that we don't get

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confused by them.

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So if I run this, we see that this whole expression is converted into, well, a float.

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Now, if I do, let's say nine point nine here.

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Which will equal to 11 and I click run these two floats, add up to while still a floating point number,

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because if I remove the type from here and I click run.

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It gives me the result, eleven point zero.

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It keeps the floating point numbers all right.

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But at the end of the day, what we care about is that that python works.

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The way we expect it to do that is we can do mathematical operations.

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As a matter of fact, we can do a few other things as well.

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There's also this idea of the double multiply.

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So this means to the power of so to to the power of two.

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Well, that's going to equal four.

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Due to the power of three is going to equal eight.

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We also have the double divide.

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That is, we can do to divide it by four, but then we used to slash this year if I click run here.

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I get zero.

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This actually returns an integer.

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Round it down if I do three divided by four.

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I get zero, but if I do five divided by four.

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This gets rounded down to a integer.

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Finally, the last operator that we're going to learn about is called Modula, and it looks something

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like this if I do five modulo, which is the percent sign.

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Divided by four or modulo four, five, run this.

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Modulo is used to represent what's the remainder of this division.

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So if I divide five by for the remainder of this division will be one if I do six divided by four with

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Modula and I run, I get to.

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Two is the remainder of four.

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All right, let's take a break and learn a little bit more about these numbers in the next video by.