1 00:00:01,420 --> 00:00:08,160 In this situation, we will discuss about driving cycle and its application with the vehicle. 2 00:00:10,730 --> 00:00:18,800 Any vehicle, the characteristics of vehicle is need to decide before proceeding for the manufacturing 3 00:00:20,030 --> 00:00:24,350 project on any vehicle, either it is electrical or ICBC. 4 00:00:25,520 --> 00:00:31,230 First of all, we need to decide which type of vehicle we are going to working on. 5 00:00:31,640 --> 00:00:37,610 That means the two wheeler, three wheeler, four wheeler motorcycle car truck. 6 00:00:38,300 --> 00:00:40,100 That means its application. 7 00:00:41,990 --> 00:00:49,650 So that what we need to decide and then after we need to decide the vehicle driving pattern, that means 8 00:00:49,700 --> 00:00:57,500 vehicle is going to run mostly and which type of road condition it is also depend upon the traffic condition, 9 00:00:57,510 --> 00:01:03,110 urban, rural and highway driving cycle and this driving pattern. 10 00:01:05,360 --> 00:01:12,950 So there's two important things we need to decide before anything type of vehicle on its application 11 00:01:13,280 --> 00:01:14,690 and its. 12 00:01:15,760 --> 00:01:23,560 Driving that and so it is going to run on City Highway and Roura, so depending upon the different driving 13 00:01:23,560 --> 00:01:26,140 pattern, is wearing white. 14 00:01:27,370 --> 00:01:29,910 So we are going to different driving cycle after that. 15 00:01:29,920 --> 00:01:37,960 So first, keep in mind, whatever your vehicle type and its application and how purposefully and which 16 00:01:37,960 --> 00:01:42,340 particular road condition for which road condition it is. 17 00:01:45,800 --> 00:01:52,190 So if we do find the driving cycle, a driving cycle is a series of data points representing speed of 18 00:01:52,190 --> 00:01:53,970 vehicle versus time. 19 00:01:55,280 --> 00:02:02,760 So you have a lot of paperwork of the time that speed is in kilometer per hour and time within seconds. 20 00:02:03,200 --> 00:02:09,590 So to consider the driving cycle, it represents the particular road condition and we can say that in 21 00:02:09,590 --> 00:02:10,020 the road. 22 00:02:10,910 --> 00:02:14,720 So to understand driving cycle, you need to image any. 23 00:02:16,940 --> 00:02:17,720 Dewpoint. 24 00:02:18,630 --> 00:02:29,340 Of location in your mind that you're aware about, so image any 15 to 20 kilometer of any distance, 25 00:02:29,970 --> 00:02:34,040 any road either in urban and city condition or anything else. 26 00:02:34,410 --> 00:02:44,400 So I am considering the one city road that located in the end about Gujrat, that is from the visual 27 00:02:44,670 --> 00:02:46,560 circle to the satellite. 28 00:02:46,930 --> 00:02:54,990 So if I consider the one particular road and I want to map this road in form of our vehicle speed and 29 00:02:54,990 --> 00:03:02,640 time so I can see the vehicle is accelerating at a certain speed, it is reaching at top speed and reducing 30 00:03:02,950 --> 00:03:03,180 support. 31 00:03:03,330 --> 00:03:06,440 The traffic condition is such that there is the traffic signal. 32 00:03:06,450 --> 00:03:12,960 We need to we need stop time and again, speed is increasing and now we are having the higher speed 33 00:03:13,380 --> 00:03:15,330 or the rear for the more time. 34 00:03:15,330 --> 00:03:18,070 Speed is remaining constant at the higher against up time. 35 00:03:18,600 --> 00:03:27,320 So this kind of a pattern we will have for our selected road condition or selected location. 36 00:03:27,600 --> 00:03:30,950 So this pattern is called the driving cycle. 37 00:03:31,230 --> 00:03:33,790 So I why that is the different. 38 00:03:33,810 --> 00:03:41,820 And according to the road condition and traffic density, the driving cycle side one standard and specific 39 00:03:43,020 --> 00:03:49,650 data that represent the speed of vehicle over this time and what they use, this standard pattern we 40 00:03:49,650 --> 00:03:55,230 can use to standardize the efficiency and CO2 emission of the vehicle. 41 00:03:55,740 --> 00:04:01,560 So I hope you understand what is the driving factor in terms of definition and its use. 42 00:04:01,740 --> 00:04:05,490 Now we will see how we can use the driving cycle. 43 00:04:08,810 --> 00:04:14,660 So it may be different for the different location and different parts of consideration, according to 44 00:04:14,870 --> 00:04:17,030 a city and according to region. 45 00:04:21,660 --> 00:04:29,940 But when we standardize the driving cycle, then we can use it for the various purpose, we can call 46 00:04:29,940 --> 00:04:37,500 it the driving cycle, so that same driving cycle can be used for 15 purposes when we standardize driving 47 00:04:37,500 --> 00:04:46,200 cycle, basically represent to the driving cycle, are used to reduce the expense of en route date and 48 00:04:46,200 --> 00:04:47,430 time of testing. 49 00:04:52,130 --> 00:05:01,130 It brings the road to the test lab in India and other countries will use the dynamo meter set up to 50 00:05:01,310 --> 00:05:09,620 test the vehicle for type test and its efficiency measurement or some country. 51 00:05:09,620 --> 00:05:18,530 Also use the computer simulation for predicting the performance of the vehicle based on driving test 52 00:05:18,530 --> 00:05:21,290 driving cycle and represent the road condition. 53 00:05:21,560 --> 00:05:28,560 And this dying pattern at this down cycle is applied to the vehicle model or actual vehicle in the laboratory. 54 00:05:29,030 --> 00:05:32,220 So we do not require to test the vehicle en route. 55 00:05:32,600 --> 00:05:41,640 So this same pattern can standardize and that can be supplied to the test vehicle accordingly with the 56 00:05:42,140 --> 00:05:46,640 anemometer type assembly or the computer simulation. 57 00:05:50,850 --> 00:05:58,260 The W.A. procedure, the world harmonized light vehicle procedure, so this light duty vehicle test 58 00:05:58,260 --> 00:06:05,550 procedure is a global standard for determining the level of pollutant, CO2 emission and fuel consumption 59 00:06:05,550 --> 00:06:10,220 of traditional and hybrid cars, as well as the range of fully electric cars. 60 00:06:10,390 --> 00:06:12,660 But this is the latest thing that we are going to discuss. 61 00:06:12,870 --> 00:06:17,010 Has so many old driving cycles are also there in the past. 62 00:06:18,480 --> 00:06:22,450 What is the reality of it? 63 00:06:23,350 --> 00:06:25,300 The standard driving cycle? 64 00:06:25,320 --> 00:06:33,920 We can say that the driving cycle, categorizing three classes, class one or two and class three plus 65 00:06:33,930 --> 00:06:41,400 one is the driving cycle used for testing of the low power vehicle with the power weight ratio less 66 00:06:41,400 --> 00:06:43,050 than equal to 22. 67 00:06:44,000 --> 00:06:47,090 We will discuss about the power weight ratio electron also. 68 00:06:47,100 --> 00:06:48,240 But let's discuss. 69 00:06:48,390 --> 00:06:51,420 Let me clear the power weight you are. 70 00:06:51,420 --> 00:06:54,690 Weight ratio is the ratio of vehicle power. 71 00:06:54,870 --> 00:06:56,090 That is mechanical power. 72 00:06:56,100 --> 00:07:04,410 If we call it the one body of mass having the weight and its inertia then to go to fulfill the certain 73 00:07:04,950 --> 00:07:07,030 task of the power. 74 00:07:07,230 --> 00:07:13,360 So the power of the vehicle, that is a mechanical input power required to achieve the performance of 75 00:07:13,440 --> 00:07:16,350 that performance in terms of maximum speed in acceleration. 76 00:07:16,850 --> 00:07:23,280 If we want the higher max speed or the higher resolution, our requirement will be higher and divided 77 00:07:23,280 --> 00:07:26,280 by the weight weight of the vehicle. 78 00:07:26,790 --> 00:07:28,170 For lack of simplicity. 79 00:07:28,170 --> 00:07:37,530 Let's consider that the example of bicycle and Wilgie consider the weight of both bicycle and weighted 80 00:07:38,490 --> 00:07:43,830 with the rider is almost seems if because of the same weight of bicycle and wheelchair. 81 00:07:43,830 --> 00:07:51,960 But if we consider its performance requirement to make the speed of bicycle is higher than the requirement 82 00:07:51,960 --> 00:07:57,000 of the wheelchair acceleration requirement, it is also slightly higher in case of bicycle than the 83 00:07:57,000 --> 00:07:57,460 wheelchair. 84 00:07:57,720 --> 00:08:04,140 So competitively power required for the wheelchair application is less and required for the bicycle 85 00:08:04,410 --> 00:08:06,350 is more than twice. 86 00:08:06,390 --> 00:08:11,790 The body weight ratio of bicycle will be more than bodyweight. 87 00:08:12,060 --> 00:08:12,930 They shafter. 88 00:08:14,520 --> 00:08:17,000 We'll check both having the same bet. 89 00:08:17,040 --> 00:08:18,380 This is just one example. 90 00:08:18,390 --> 00:08:24,470 So you've got an idea about the issue just now and don't be confused about it, because it is really 91 00:08:24,600 --> 00:08:33,480 not relating to the last two weeks with the 22 in between twenty to thirty four to less than thirty 92 00:08:33,480 --> 00:08:41,160 four and greater than 22 is the power weight ratio will require the pattern of Class two and Class three 93 00:08:41,160 --> 00:08:47,370 driving cycle pattern is used for high powered vehicle with the borrower traceability then thirty four. 94 00:08:47,670 --> 00:08:52,950 If we look at the typical borrower ratio, most common cars have nowadays power weight ratio. 95 00:08:52,950 --> 00:08:54,540 Forty two hundred. 96 00:08:55,850 --> 00:09:00,570 What but so belong to the class three, so. 97 00:09:02,720 --> 00:09:09,350 For the trucks and buses and power, weight ratio is less because weight is much higher than the car, 98 00:09:09,980 --> 00:09:15,720 but not the required power is increased with compared to weight, so. 99 00:09:17,370 --> 00:09:27,450 Vans and buses and belong to two, but if you go to truck and two wheelers, that also and the power 100 00:09:27,450 --> 00:09:31,310 weight ratio less than belong to plus one. 101 00:09:31,800 --> 00:09:38,650 So this class one, class two and three represent a particular standard driving cycle. 102 00:09:39,160 --> 00:09:44,880 Let's look at one by one, starting from the class three, because it is for the car. 103 00:09:48,560 --> 00:09:56,730 OK, this is the standard driving cycle that represented by the W.L. typically cycle class three. 104 00:09:57,620 --> 00:10:01,170 So this is the series of data. 105 00:10:01,190 --> 00:10:03,010 You can also take this data. 106 00:10:03,620 --> 00:10:05,540 You can have such. 107 00:10:05,570 --> 00:10:08,850 You can also have to fight to find data with respect to time. 108 00:10:09,170 --> 00:10:13,160 You can see that at the top three are the actual speed that the average speed. 109 00:10:13,400 --> 00:10:19,100 So everything can be calculated, total duration in terms of time, total duration in terms of distance 110 00:10:19,460 --> 00:10:26,270 is also then stop duration, average speed with the stop duration, average speed calculation without 111 00:10:26,270 --> 00:10:27,240 the duration. 112 00:10:27,530 --> 00:10:35,690 So all calculation and also the area and this driving pattern, it's called the cycle plus three need 113 00:10:35,690 --> 00:10:38,510 to apply to the last three vehicle. 114 00:10:39,230 --> 00:10:45,560 Then Outweight ratio is better than thirty four for the car and this driving pattern. 115 00:10:46,640 --> 00:10:49,290 So you can also say it's divided in four or five. 116 00:10:49,520 --> 00:10:54,710 This is the initially low speed then medium speed and high speed and extra high speed. 117 00:10:55,100 --> 00:11:00,680 But it is still remaining less than the 150 kilometers but at speed. 118 00:11:03,350 --> 00:11:06,200 This is the last three driving cycle. 119 00:11:09,950 --> 00:11:15,560 Some country use the miles per hour, that is a simple conversion, one kilometer per hour is equal 120 00:11:15,560 --> 00:11:19,220 to zero point six to one three seven miles per hour. 121 00:11:24,400 --> 00:11:29,800 This represented glass, too, you can see at maximum speed is reduced, it is less than 90 kilometres 122 00:11:29,800 --> 00:11:34,110 per hour and there is only three parts low, medium and high speed. 123 00:11:34,510 --> 00:11:43,780 This is to take the last two vehicle arbitration, less than thirty four and greater than 20 to. 124 00:11:50,080 --> 00:11:57,790 Last one driving cycle, you can see spirits for the religious left in Santa Fe, around 60 kilometers 125 00:11:57,790 --> 00:12:01,330 per hour is only maximum speed for taking this. 126 00:12:02,320 --> 00:12:08,650 So you can use this data if you want to work on the driving cycle and it's better. 127 00:12:12,430 --> 00:12:15,970 Now, look at the region of the world down cycle. 128 00:12:16,630 --> 00:12:22,380 Different countries are using the new European driving cycle and it is a driving cycle. 129 00:12:22,660 --> 00:12:29,070 Last updated in 1997 is also referred to as MBG Cycle Motor Vehicle Emison Group. 130 00:12:29,090 --> 00:12:31,080 So this is the older version. 131 00:12:31,090 --> 00:12:40,630 And what we discussed is W.L. Tippee is the latest version of driving cycle we are using from 1st September 132 00:12:41,200 --> 00:12:42,070 2019. 133 00:12:43,090 --> 00:12:49,750 All the light light duty vehicles that are to be registered in the European countries must comply with 134 00:12:49,750 --> 00:12:55,310 the W.L. standard instead of NFL and else. 135 00:12:55,310 --> 00:13:07,650 So European countries now use the W.L. since September 2000 19 for the distinct end of the vehicle. 136 00:13:08,620 --> 00:13:14,980 The federal procedure, commonly known as the FPP seventy five for the safety driving cycle, are a 137 00:13:14,980 --> 00:13:20,830 series of test defined by the US Environmental Protection Agency to measure emission and fuel economy 138 00:13:20,830 --> 00:13:25,780 of passenger cars, including light trucks and heavy duty vehicles. 139 00:13:26,200 --> 00:13:29,860 For the US, that is the standard driving cycle. 140 00:13:29,870 --> 00:13:32,140 It's called the FPP seventy five. 141 00:13:32,500 --> 00:13:38,980 There are a number of old driving cycle and patterns used by the different countries you can subject 142 00:13:38,980 --> 00:13:39,220 on. 143 00:13:39,820 --> 00:13:44,020 But what is the latest into W.L. topic that we discussed? 144 00:13:47,000 --> 00:13:54,290 If someone wants to do the extensive research in the area of the driving cycle, that is the scope of 145 00:13:54,290 --> 00:13:54,980 two things. 146 00:13:55,250 --> 00:13:57,800 The first is driving cycle design. 147 00:13:58,040 --> 00:14:01,880 So you can search and you can work on the how could be the end of driving cycle. 148 00:14:02,150 --> 00:14:07,970 And also the second thing is how to predict the driving cycle, because you will find a number of literature 149 00:14:07,970 --> 00:14:13,460 also or the prediction of driving psychology, because nowadays things are changing a lot and day by 150 00:14:13,460 --> 00:14:16,220 day and we can predict the future. 151 00:14:16,220 --> 00:14:24,740 Changing the road condition into a population density of cities in urban areas and highways. 152 00:14:26,000 --> 00:14:32,930 Maximum speed capacities are increasing in decades so that all can be considered. 153 00:14:32,930 --> 00:14:38,870 And driving cycle prediction for the future is also one area of research. 154 00:14:39,080 --> 00:14:49,670 So this is not the more technical things, but because we are discussing the fundamental of electric 155 00:14:49,670 --> 00:14:56,690 vehicle engine and also all the engineering students are all the tools, those who are willing to do 156 00:14:56,690 --> 00:15:02,100 their contribution in the area of electric vehicle engineering or the automobile or the vehicle engineering 157 00:15:02,460 --> 00:15:07,480 that can start the research work in the particular area. 158 00:15:07,730 --> 00:15:14,510 One can also specify the driving cycle design or the new driving cycle, particularly for the application 159 00:15:14,750 --> 00:15:22,250 and particularly for also future prediction of the driving cycle, particularly for the electrical vehicle 160 00:15:22,550 --> 00:15:23,900 applications possible. 161 00:15:23,900 --> 00:15:32,900 Because previous, if you consider the previous all you specified driving cycle, then they were limited 162 00:15:33,260 --> 00:15:41,300 due to make the maximum speed and acceleration were considered according to the electrical vehicle, 163 00:15:41,840 --> 00:15:43,280 during the time. 164 00:15:43,280 --> 00:15:48,740 And it was emitted and I would compare two I see with those less. 165 00:15:49,550 --> 00:15:51,380 So it's happening. 166 00:15:54,860 --> 00:16:03,920 I shared a few research, few resources that resources can be used if someone want to mainly focus on 167 00:16:03,920 --> 00:16:11,110 the driving cycle and it's do not require this to go to these resources. 168 00:16:11,120 --> 00:16:16,440 But if you particularly want to know more about driving sika, you can report the resources that I have 169 00:16:16,580 --> 00:16:24,340 here that the European driving cyclists call the AC 15 European urban driving cycle and European urban 170 00:16:24,590 --> 00:16:26,100 cycle for the low power vehicle. 171 00:16:26,390 --> 00:16:35,080 So I have shared the data point for the driving cycle and the link from where you can get better and 172 00:16:35,080 --> 00:16:38,120 that European driving cycle. 173 00:16:39,260 --> 00:16:45,010 I also shared the link for the one reference book of driving cycle for using the measurement of road 174 00:16:45,020 --> 00:16:45,890 vehicle emission. 175 00:16:46,280 --> 00:16:51,860 It will also help if someone was interested in knowing more about the pricing cycle. 176 00:16:53,600 --> 00:16:59,570 Then old USA used the federal government drying cycle and federal highway driving cycle. 177 00:17:00,170 --> 00:17:07,240 You can also search for this and you'll find easily they actually 48 and actually 72 driving cycle that 178 00:17:07,250 --> 00:17:09,020 is in the USA. 179 00:17:13,060 --> 00:17:19,540 You specifically ring cycle, you can find in as a two to seven, Athie. 180 00:17:21,190 --> 00:17:30,340 Society of Automotive Engineers to 270 as the Ford driving cycle to two seven, eight, A, B, C and 181 00:17:30,610 --> 00:17:40,660 D warehouse two to seven Acey is used specifically for the electrical vehicle in Japan and point fifteen 182 00:17:40,660 --> 00:17:43,930 more driving cycle is used for the electrical vehicle. 183 00:17:44,380 --> 00:17:50,110 Although it is the very old driving cycle later has this modification. 184 00:17:50,440 --> 00:17:52,120 And two two seven eight. 185 00:17:57,340 --> 00:17:59,560 I proposed in a 1970. 186 00:18:01,100 --> 00:18:08,600 So you have you may have the idea what kinds of different specifications required for the electrical 187 00:18:08,630 --> 00:18:09,830 break down Sika. 188 00:18:12,270 --> 00:18:20,010 For India Type II, the type one test that used for dissaving vehicle Albon driving cycle, an extra 189 00:18:20,340 --> 00:18:23,450 driving cycle parents are given in this document. 190 00:18:23,790 --> 00:18:31,260 It is data collected from the area for the India and you must visit the area website, Automotive Research 191 00:18:31,260 --> 00:18:37,030 Association of India for further information about the testing and its procedures.