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Hello, you beautiful people.

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Now, as you know, there are two sides to every coin.

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And now that you've learned how to install packages to your system in this video, we're going to be

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covering how you can uninstall packages from your system and make sure that your system is squeaky clean.

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So let's just go ahead and get right into it.

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Okay.

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So in the last few videos we've been messing around with the X11 apps package and we're going to continue

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using that as kind of our guinea pig for this video.

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So to uninstall a package in Ubuntu, the most basic way to do it is to type sudo apt get remove and

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then the package name.

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Okay.

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So because we are talking about the X11 apps package, we just type pseudo app to get remove and then

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X11 apps and that would remove it.

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But that's not the preferred way to do it.

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And the reason is when you install packages, there are sometimes configuration files that come along

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with the packages and if you just remove the package using pseudo app to get remove, then the configuration

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files are left behind on your system, taking up space and not being helpful.

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Now this can be useful if you want to install the package again in the future and want all your settings

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to be the same.

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But it's still not really the preferred way to do it.

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Instead, to remove a package and all of its configuration files.

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What we do is instead of typing sudo app get removed we type sudo apt get purge and then the package

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name.

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So sudo app get purge X11 apps.

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Now the purge will remove the package and its configuration files.

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So always use Purge whenever you want to uninstall a package.

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So if I go ahead and do that, it's going to go and say, hey, I want to remove this.

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Is that okay?

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I press Yes.

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And it will go through and remove X11 apps and any of its configuration file.

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So you can see here it says purging configuration files for X11 apps.

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So it's gone ahead and done that.

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Now that will have the X 11 apps package 100% removed from the system.

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But sometimes when you install packages, you need to install like ten of the different packages as

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dependencies.

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So you need in order to get the package that you want to install to work, you need like ten other packages

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or maybe even 100 of the packages in order to get that one package to work.

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And we call those extra packages dependencies.

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So if those dependencies are no longer required, but you don't know what they're called, how can you

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remove them?

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Well, you're in luck in order to remove packages that were installed as dependencies but are no longer

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required for any other package on the system.

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You can just do sudo if i click the screen sudo apt get auto remove and that's it.

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So sudo apt get auto remove.

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Now auto remove will automatically remove any dangling dependencies that are no longer required, which

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helps you save space on your system.

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So if I do that, it's going to tell me there's actually not any that need to be removed.

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But you can save a lot of space in this.

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So bear in mind, this is all happening across hundreds or even thousands of different packages on your

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system.

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And having the package manager keep everything in order automatically is a really great asset.

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I'm sure you'd agree it beats doing it yourself anyway.

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Now whenever you download and install the package, a copy of the package is saved locally on your computer.

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Now this package is then unpacked and installed on your system, so that's how it works when you install

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a package, downloads itself as a compressed archive, then unpacks itself and installs itself on your

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system.

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Okay, now, because of that two step process, not only is a package installed on your system, but

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a compressed version of it is also saved.

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Now, these compressed files usually take up space and aren't really necessary if you already have the

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package installed because they're just, you know, an archive.

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They're like the wrapper that comes with the stuff.

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Okay.

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So you can actually save yourself massive amounts of space, sometimes even gigabytes of space, just

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by deleting these archives.

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Now these archives are stored.

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If I, if we go there slash, var, slash cache, slash, apt slash archive.

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So if we go there and take a look, we can see there's quite a few little DB files here, some compressed

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archives saved in there and you can see the 14x 11 APS, even though we've actually removed it from

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the system.

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And you can see how large these are by doing LS with the L command and you can see that there's a total

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of about ten megabytes in there.

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Now, that's not much, but you know, this can easily grow to gigabytes after you keep installing packages

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on your system.

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It can get quite mad because every package you install comes with its own dependencies and even those

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dependencies are saved as copy.

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So you can really save a lot of space by removing the stuff from here.

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Now you don't have to even be in the folder to remove them.

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So if I just head back to our home directory, as you can see, we're in our home directory.

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If we run sudo apt get clean, that will delete all of the packages from that directory.

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So if we head back up into the slash var slash cache, slash apt slash archives and do an LS, we can

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see the now that have all been deleted even though we weren't in that folder.

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So if you want to get rid of all that stuff, do sudo apt get clean.

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But sometimes you don't want to delete all of those for whatever reason and you only want to get rid

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of the stuff.

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You want to get rid of those packages, those, those, those archives.

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But the ones for packages that can no longer be accessed from the from the actual Ubuntu repositories.

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Now this is usually for systems that are very old and want to keep their cache going for years and years

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and years and every now and then just, you know, trim the leaves and get rid of their dead packages

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that can no longer be downloaded for whatever reason.

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And to do that, instead of using pseudo apt get clean, you use auto clean now as just to highlight

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clean gets rid of everything of of those in the archive cache.

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Now that's different from the from the list cache by the way that's just a this is just a storage space

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for, for saved archives and packages and stuff.

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So this is a completely different cache, but clean will remove everything in there and auto clean will

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check what's in there and only delete the ones that you can no longer download from the repositories

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to make sure you don't have stuff in there that you'll never use again.

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So there you have it.

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A no nonsense guide to uninstalling packages.

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So let's review.

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We discuss it.

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The most basic way to review packages is to use sudo apt get remove and then the package name.

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But this is not recommended because it leaves behind configuration files instead use sudo apt get purge

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and then the package name.

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Now when you install the package, it's likely that other dependency packages were also installed in

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order to make that package work and in order to get rid of those dependencies and automatically remove

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them from the system as long as they're no longer required.

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You would use sudo apt get auto remove to remove any unwanted and any unneeded dependencies.

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And just because they were used for one package and you remove that package doesn't mean they're no

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longer needed for another.

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But don't worry about that.

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The package manager is going to take care of all that for you.

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Okay.

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And you also learn that when a software package is installed, it is first downloaded and saved on your

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system in a compressed archive.

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In this archive is saved on your system even if the package is installed, and that means it's taking

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up space.

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It's kind of like the wrapper or the packaging behind the actual thing that you want.

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Okay, so to clean up all the packaging and clean up all that stuff, what you've got to do is sudo

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apt get clean and that's going to delete all the compressed package archives and save you a heck of

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a lot of space.

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You'd be surprised sometimes even gigabytes at times, but perhaps you don't want to clean up all of

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those packages for some reason.

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And they said you just want to clean up the ones that can no longer be downloaded from the abundant

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repositories.

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So for that you'd use pseudo apt to get auto clean.

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So there you have it.

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You're beautiful people.

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You now know everything that you will ever need to know about package management in Ubuntu and you've

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done so unbelievably well that in the next video I would like to congratulate you and have a recap of

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what we've learned.

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So for some well-deserved praises and a recap, I'll see you in the next video.